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06 Jul 2016
孕婦「清胎毒」
註冊中醫師 彭明慧
大部分準媽媽都會産生胎火(胎火,意思是指孕期時孕婦體質上的表現爲燥熱的症狀。成因:食物毒素、夜睡、勞累、環境污染等),如果準媽媽胎火旺盛,新生兒因「胎火蘊熱」容易出現嬰兒瘡疹(多發於顔面及皮膚皺褶部位,也可累及全身)、奶癬、膿包、口瘡等。
現今醫學認為過敏如濕疹、哮喘、鼻敏感等與遺傳有很大的關係。若夫婦都是過敏體質,生過敏孩子的機會約為75%,若只有一方是過敏體質,生過敏孩子的機會仍有20%至50%。
俗話說「胎前如火,產後如冰」,意思是指孕期時孕媽咪體質上的表現爲燥熱的症狀。但並不是每個懷孕的孕婦都會産生胎,由於懷孕後,體內荷爾蒙會變的旺盛,所以媽媽在産前的體質即使不是屬於燥熱性,也有可能因爲懷孕而改變體質。不過,原則上來說,本身就屬於燥熱體質的孕媽咪,産生胎火的機率較大。
妊娠晚期(即懷孕後28至40週),此期胎兒發育日趨成熟,體重增加很快,向母體索取的營養素更多,並要在體內儲存一定量的營養,爲出生後獨立生活做好準備。此時孕婦進多見陰血不足,易生內熱,宜養陰補血。由於胎兒的成長已穩定,孕婦是時候要「清胎毒」,可適量吃些性凉的東西,有助清走孕婦的濕熱,減少引致胎兒濕熱的機會,導致日後患有濕疹。另外,孕婦也可進食芝麻糊、豆腐花、白蓮鬚等,孩子的皮膚會白滑之餘,大多性情溫馴,吵鬧較少,母親自然分娩時也會較得順利舒服一些。
白蓮鬚:
爲蓮花的雄蕊,性平偏凉,味甘澀,有清心除煩、益腎固精的作用。
有助防止生産時大量流血的作用,由於孕婦需要養胎,腎氣一定有所損耗,具補腎作用的白蓮鬚能使孕婦生産時有氣力,生産過程會較順利。
做法:先將白蓮鬚洗淨,然後與三碗水一起下鍋,水開後放少量冰糖,轉用文火煲半小時左右即可
飲用時期:預產期前4至6週飲用(註:白蓮鬚屬平性的食物,無論凉、熱體質的人都適合食用)
金銀花:有清熱解毒,疏散風熱,凉血降火,消咽利膈之功效
黃芩:有清熱凉血,解毒功效,為安胎要藥。
鮮橄欖:清肺生津、止渴解毒。
綠豆:性味甘凉,有清熱解毒之功。
日常生活:
懷孕最後兩個月:忌吃辛辣肥膩食物
懷孕最後4至6週:隔天飲用白蓮鬚水
懷孕最後一個月:金銀花與黃芩煲水,一周兩次
懷孕最後一個月:每天喝點鮮橄欖水
懷孕最後3週:隔天熬點綠豆湯
【備註】
婦女懷孕初期及產後,均不適宜飲涼茶或進食寒涼食品。過量寒涼會損害脾胃,影響運化功能容易出現腹瀉便溏;削弱吸收功能則會降低攝取食物營養。由於身體陽氣不足,遂導致面色蒼白,手足冰冷、神疲力乏。
避免進食「發物」,發物多為過敏原類食物,若孕婦本身有過敏性鼻炎、濕疹等過敏症狀,懷孕期間又常攝取這類食物,肚子裡的胎兒經誘發過敏的機會也相對提高,寶寶出生後同樣為過敏體質的機率也很高。(註:中醫認為發物如鵝、鴨、筍、芋頭、蝦蟹、熱性水果等都會容易誘發濕疹。)
視乎體質而言,不建議多食雞蛋、奶品先和燕窩等大量產生組織氨而促成過敏反應食物。
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